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Yet they are the source for many of the viruses that have spilled over into humans with devastating effect, including rabies, Ebola virus, Nipah and Hendra viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and, likely, SARS-CoV-2. Despite carrying all of these viruses, bats rarely show symptoms of being sick.
While reading all the sequences present in a sample, researchers want to find any that are out of place, such as those that belong to a never-before-seen virus. In 2003, the DHS launched the BioWatch program after five people died and twenty fell ill from touching envelopes laced with anthrax spores.
B38 blocks SARS-CoV-2 from binding to the ACE2 receptor (light pink) of a human cell, ACE2 is what the virus uses to infect cells. References : [1] Humoral immuneresponse and prolonged PCR positivity in a cohort of 1343 SARS-CoV 2 patients in the New York City region. In the U.S. Preprint Posted May 5, 2020. [2]
The study also found mice immunized with a SARS-CoV-1 vaccine developed in 2004 generated immuneresponses that protected them from intranasal exposure by SARS-CoV-2. “We found that these individuals developed antibody responses that neutralized a common cold coronavirus, HCoV-OC43,” Penaloza-MacMaster said.
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