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DNA Analysis Finds New Target for Diabetes Drugs

NIH Director's Blog: Drug Development

Credit: Jane Ades, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH Type 2 diabetes (T2D) tends to run in families, and over the last five years the application of genomic technologies has led to discovery of more than 60 specific DNA variants that contribute to risk. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2013 Aug;12(8):581-94. [3]

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Malaria unravelled: decoding the parasite’s gene expression control

Drug Target Review

Researchers from Tokyo Tech’s World Research Hub Initiative conducted a study to investigate the regulation of gene expression in the apicoplast of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. How is melatonin, the circadian signalling hormone, related to the regulation of gene expression in the apicoplast?

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Addressing increasingly resistant drugs by infectious agents

Drug Target Review

5 Cytology-based profiling can facilitate antibiotic discovery efforts and, these assays assess cell cycle progression, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA content, mitochondrial DNA replication, nuclear DNA damage, mitochondrial membrane potential, and lysosome structure and function. 12(11): e0006980. Nilmar, S. and Anabela, C.

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Day Zero Antivirals for Future Pandemics

Codon

In 2011, research groups at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory and Boston University fused together two different proteins to make broad antivirals: one protein binds to double-stranded RNA, and the other triggers apoptosis, or cell death. In fact, the innate immune system uses double-stranded RNA as a key signal that an infection is underway.

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Breaking the Speed Limit on Cell Division

Codon

However, they plod along as they clone plasmids—the loops of DNA that biologists use to manipulate and study organisms—because propagating them relies, in part, on the pace at which cells grow and divide. Most medicines, including insulin and semaglutide (the weight loss drug), are made using DNA cloning. However, E.

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Making Cells Young

Codon

Most cells (excluding T-cells and B cells after V(D)J recombination) in our body contain the same DNA but appear and behave in distinct ways: A neuron looks and acts very differently from a hepatocyte. While DNA is relatively stable , the epigenome is not; it has to orchestrate changes in cell state, cell type, and more.

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The Festival of Genomics and Biodata 2023 Comes to Boston

PLOS: DNA Science

Two compelling talks will be “Long Noncoding RNAs as Key Regulators of Mood in Women,” from Orna Issler at the Neuroscience Institute at NYU Langone, and “Advising the US Congress and Policymakers on Issues Related to Pathogen Genomics, ” from Sarah Harvey, from the US Government Accountability Office.

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