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“Sam has an exceptional talent in software engineering, and his contributions reflect a deep understanding of both the technical and biological aspects required for bioinformatics tool development,” says Laura Luebbert, now a postdoctoral fellow in the Sabeti lab at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and Harvard University.
1 The study reveals a novel bioinformatic approach and tool that holds the potential to empower researchers in designing vaccines capable of inducing a stronger immuneresponse. By selecting specific segments of proteins that elicit robust immune reactions, these vaccines could offer enhanced protection against diseases.
Combinatorial analytics approaches identify combinations of features that together are associated with the disease phenotype in patient sub-groups, capturing the non-linear effects of interactions between multiple genes. The combinatorial approach is considerably more sensitive than GWAS and requires much smaller patient populations.
These neoantigens are identified by T cells of the immune system as foreign proteins and thus trigger an immuneresponse. Recent advances in bioinformatics show clonal neoantigens are the best targets for immunotherapy, as I will elucidate below. Neoantigens are recognised as non-self and trigger an immuneresponse.
Cancer is a disease driven by variable genetic mutations. Our innate immune system evolved to clear genetically diverse pathogens and limit host toxicity, raising the possibility that it can produce similar effects in cancer. The preclinical results demonstrated significant immuneresponses and tumour regression.
These factors are converging to enable both identification of novel infectious diseases as well as microbial resistance, before these threats can impact public health, write a team from the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases in Frontiers in Science. COVID clearly caught us off guard.
Doctors in training are told that when they hear hoofbeats, they should think horses, not zebras; rare diseases are the exception, not the rule. Sometimes, though, novel diseases do emerge, and as COVID-19 demonstrated, they can surprise us. This is the third essay of four in our pandemic mini-issue.
In Silico Drug Repurposing Advances in bioinformatics and systems biology have fueled the rise of repurposing of in silico drugs. CMap utilizes gene expression profiles to connect drugs, genes, and diseases, enabling researchers to identify potential repurposing candidates based on their transcriptional signatures.
Skin microbes can trigger strong immuneresponses. These microbes were engineered to express tumor antigens that could “elicit T cells that were licensed by the commensal immune program but specific for a tumor,” including both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, according to the study. BMC Bioinformatics. McCafferty C.L.
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