Codon

JULY 27, 2023

They’ve just finished sequencing the patient’s genome, but they don’t have “DNA sorting” software. And that’s how I learned that there are published books that contain entire chromosome sequences. A real book that contains the full sequence of human chromosome 21.

Therapies 52

Therapies RNA DNA Engineering 52

Codon

APRIL 30, 2023

Yeast die for two reasons: Either their nucleolus (where the DNA is kept) degrades and dies, or their mitochondria whimpers out and they stop making energy. The vaccine printer can make lots of different types of vaccines, including protein, DNA, and mRNA ones, but I’m sure this is all quite expensive right now. From Zhang et al.

Vaccine 52

Vaccine DNA Engineering RNA 52

Codon

APRIL 30, 2023

Yeast die for two reasons: Either their nucleolus (where the DNA is kept) degrades and dies, or their mitochondria whimpers out and they stop making energy. The vaccine printer can make lots of different types of vaccines, including protein, DNA, and mRNA ones, but I’m sure this is all quite expensive right now. From Zhang et al.

Vaccine 52

Vaccine DNA Engineering RNA 52

KIF1A

AUGUST 20, 2024

” And while the Rosens have been open books when asked about their experiences, we’ve also always cautioned that the study is still underway. We’ve been able to discuss the guiding philosophy and design, the steps of research, and more recently the potential amenability in our wider community.

Science 52

Science Treatment Therapies Small Molecule 52

Codon

JULY 11, 2023

That’s because proteins are made, in the laboratory, using synthetic DNA and cells; and DNA is expensive. Our machine would make proteins without using any DNA or cells. All cells make proteins in two steps: DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA, which is then translated into protein.

RNA 72

RNA DNA Engineering Laboratories 72

Codon

JULY 11, 2023

That’s because proteins are made, in the laboratory, using synthetic DNA and cells; and DNA is expensive. Our machine would make proteins without using any DNA or cells. All cells make proteins in two steps: DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA, which is then translated into protein.

RNA 52

RNA DNA Engineering Laboratories 52

Codon

MARCH 12, 2023

“The recombinant DNA breakthrough has provided us with a new and powerful approach to the questions that have intrigued and plagued man for centuries. The central dogma is often depicted as DNA→RNA→protein, but it’s much more: A biophysical marvel inside the smallest of vessels. Biology is a Burrito.

DNA 52

DNA Engineering Therapies RNA 52

Codon

MAY 30, 2023

This week: A way to measure a transgene’s expression in the brain using ultrasound, a DNA sequencing method that uses 1000x less reagents, and base editors get even smaller. An engineered version of this protein can convert DNA bases with efficiencies up to 92%. so this Digest will be published more irregularly.

DNA 52

DNA RNA Engineering Vaccine 52

Codon

MAY 30, 2023

This week: A way to measure a transgene’s expression in the brain using ultrasound, a DNA sequencing method that uses 1000x less reagents, and base editors get even smaller. An engineered version of this protein can convert DNA bases with efficiencies up to 92%. so this Digest will be published more irregularly.

DNA 52

DNA RNA Engineering Vaccine 52

Codon

APRIL 16, 2023

Short DNA strands were discovered that can specifically and tightly bind to zinc and cadmium ions. Perhaps there is now a way to use DNA to extract metals: You could fuse the DNA strands to an antibody, coat them onto electronics, and then use a column to isolate the DNA:metal compounds? coli DNA using a Retro-Cascorder.

Engineering 52

Engineering DNA RNA Science 52

Codon

FEBRUARY 19, 2025

Neural networks easily spot patterns across vast libraries of books and internet articles to learn — or at least imitate — the inner workings of language. The same model can also generate brand-new DNA sequences at the scale of yeast chromosomes or small bacterial genomes. Like ChatGPT, Evo 2 is a large language model.

DNA 100

DNA Laboratories Engineering RNA 100

PLOS: DNA Science

FEBRUARY 20, 2025

I remember my mother’s joyous comments in my baby book, thanking doctors Salk and Sabin for inventing polio vaccines. Messenger RNA is a molecule, one of the two types of nucleic acid, that carries the information that tells cells to link amino acids in a certain sequence, producing a protein. But mostly, I remember.

Vaccine 94

Vaccine Science RNA Disease 94

Codon

AUGUST 10, 2023

Technologies DNA Sequencing →DNA sequencing at 40: past, present and future , by Shendure J. Link DNA Cost and Productivity Data, aka "Carlson Curves" , by Carlson R. Link Next-Generation DNA Sequencing Methods , by Mardis E.R. Link DNA synthesis technologies to close the gene writing gap , by Hoose et al.

DNA 98

DNA Cell Biology Molecular Biology Engineering 98

PLOS: DNA Science

DECEMBER 21, 2023

A few weeks ago, I noticed a surprising metric when posting my weekly DNA Science blog – at year’s end, I’d hit #500! The Birth of DNA Science When St. Martin’s Press was about to publish my book about gene therapy in 2012, my agent urged me to start blogging. We renamed it DNA Science.

DNA 105

DNA Vaccine Science Therapies 105

Codon

DECEMBER 1, 2024

Many students are taught that the Central Dogma is simply “DNA → RNA → protein.” In 1956, Crick was working on a lecture that would bring together what was then known about the “flow of information” between DNA, RNA, and protein in cells.

RNA 131

RNA DNA Molecular Biology Virus 131

Codon

NOVEMBER 1, 2024

Scientists are already building a model that can, for example, look at which RNA molecules are expressed in a cell at t=0 and predict how those molecules will change at t=1. Synthesizing a single human protein-coding gene costs several hundred dollars and even a simple PCR machine (used for amplifying DNA) costs between $1,500 and $50,000.

DNA 122

DNA RNA Molecular Biology Laboratories 122

Codon

AUGUST 10, 2023

Technologies DNA Sequencing →DNA sequencing at 40: past, present and future , by Shendure J. Link DNA Cost and Productivity Data, aka "Carlson Curves" , by Carlson R. Link Next-Generation DNA Sequencing Methods , by Mardis E.R. Link DNA synthesis technologies to close the gene writing gap , by Hoose et al.

DNA 52

DNA Cell Biology Engineering Molecular Biology 52

Codon

OCTOBER 27, 2024

The Most Deadly Infectious Disease “Each successive episode of bleeding left him weaker than before,” wrote Mary Doria Russell of Doc Holliday, the gunslinging gambler, in her eponymous book, Doc. Published in 1971, the book contains unsparing descriptions of Holliday’s deteriorating medical condition.

Immune Response 94

Immune Response Doctors Disease Laboratories 94