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What Limits a Genome’s Size?

Codon

And what they found, remarkably, is the world’s largest genome ; each fern cell contains 160.45 billion bases of DNA which, if unfurled, would extend for more than 100 meters—taller than the Statue of Liberty. billion bases of DNA, the human genome measures just 2 meters in length when stretched end-to-end.

DNA 60
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Cell and gene therapy development moves into cardiac indications

Drug Target Review

Viral vectors, such as adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), are commonly used to deliver therapeutic genes to cardiac cells. RNA-based therapies, including mRNA and RNA interference (RNAi), are being explored to modulate gene expression in heart cells.

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Codon Digest: Injected Gene Editors

Codon

But now, by studying DNA extracted from microbes in the blood of almost 10,000 healthy people, this paper shows that there is no such thing. Read Transcription factors bind to DNA and control gene expression. They tend to “group up” in cells. Molecular Systems Biology. Nature Microbiology. Meeussen J.V.W.

DNA 52
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Codon Digest: Vaccine Printer Go Brrrrr!

Codon

This works for many different cell types, and the method can also be used to deliver several different gene editors at once. It’s an easier way to get CRISPR into cells! Other methods to deliver Cas9 (like with viruses) are way less efficient, and seem to vary wildly from one cell to the next. From Zhang et al.

Vaccine 52
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Codon Digest: Vaccine Printer Go Brrrrr!

Codon

This works for many different cell types, and the method can also be used to deliver several different gene editors at once. It’s an easier way to get CRISPR into cells! Other methods to deliver Cas9 (like with viruses) are way less efficient, and seem to vary wildly from one cell to the next. From Zhang et al.

Vaccine 52
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Codon Digest: CAR-T Therapy for Neuroblastoma

Codon

.” This technology could be used to design protein therapeutics that can bind to, and “shut down,” harmful or misfolded proteins in living cells. Thousands of transcription factors — proteins that bind DNA and control gene expression — were studied in human cells. Nature Cell Biology.

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Codon Digest: GPT-4 Controls a Robot

Codon

Short DNA strands were discovered that can specifically and tightly bind to zinc and cadmium ions. Perhaps there is now a way to use DNA to extract metals: You could fuse the DNA strands to an antibody, coat them onto electronics, and then use a column to isolate the DNA:metal compounds? Nature Chemical Biology.