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Alpaca nanobodies potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants

The Pharma Data

. “With the help of advanced laboratory techniques, we were able to identify a panel of nanobodies that very effectively neutralized several variants of SARS-CoV-2,” says Gerald McInerney, professor at the Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, and joint senior author of both studies.

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What Limits a Genome’s Size?

Codon

Credit: Oriane Hidalgo Per the book Cell Biology by the Numbers , each base pair of DNA occupies 1 nm 3 of space. The HK97 virus, for example, infects E. So how can a genome 50 times longer—equivalent to 2,000 kilometers of thread, or roughly the distance between Cairo and Rome—do the same?

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Levers for Biological Progress

Codon

I’ve chosen these two because I think they are the linchpin by which we’ll be able to build broadly useful AI models for cell and molecular biology. But looking ahead to the second bottleneck, what does it mean to say that biology is “complex”?

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