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Liquid biopsies enable clinicians to find and analyze tumor DNA in a patient’s blood sample to detect cancer early, monitor cancer recurrence, assess the patient’s response to treatment, and measure other clinically important features in real time, without invasive procedures.
Researchers from Harvard MedicalSchool describe a new ChatGPT-like model that can guide clinical decision-making to diagnose, treat, and predict survival for several types of cancer. These findings can then be used to predict response to treatments as well as survival time. Their report appears in Nature.
Such large-scale changes in DNA have been difficult to study. The findings, published today in Nature , could lead to new ways of guiding cancer treatment or developing targeted drugs. But for decades, researchers have debated whether aneuploidy promotes the growth of cancers, or is simply a side effect of cancer cells’ fast growth.
Scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the University of Massachusetts MedicalSchool (UMass), US, have collaborated to create a novel type of nanoparticle that can deliver messenger RNA that encodes for beneficial proteins to the lungs.
The way that clinicians subdivide diabetes patients now is based on symptoms, but in this study, the frequency of genetic risk factors seems to vary among patients with youth-onset T2D,” said Jason Flannick , Broad associate member and assistant professor at Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard MedicalSchool. “We
Genomics applies to all species, revealing evolution in action, because we all use the same genetic code – that is, the correspondence between DNA sequences and the amino acid sequences of proteins. Cats and Bird Flu Comparing DNA sequences is a little like linguistic research that connects languages.
They knew that discovering the genetic cause of her disorder would help them find other people like her, help get the condition formally recognized as a new disease, and help them better advocate for research into new treatments. Further, the Ulitsky lab showed that the excess CHD2 came from the DNA strand that lacked CHASERR.
In three new studies, researchers including a team from the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard have harmonized and analyzed data on proteins, DNA, RNA, as well as clinical data from more than 1,000 patients across nearly a dozen different cancer types. Zamecnik Chair in Oncology at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center.
Without prompt diagnosis and treatment, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) can lead to organ failure and potentially fatal complications. But scientists lack the tools to predict, prevent, and treat them. Buu Truong, a computational researcher and postdoctoral fellow in Natarajan’s lab, was a co-first author as well.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting tumour-specific antigens play an essential role in the treatment of many cancers. Unlike almost every other cell type (except B cells), T cells do not have the exact same chromosomal DNA sequences as other cells in the body. References Robinson R, McMurran C, McCully M, Cole D.
Levine and Siddle say that these findings could improve the precision of diagnostics and treatments in areas with high numbers of NMFI cases. First author Zoë Levine is an MD-PhD candidate at Harvard MedicalSchool and graduate student in the lab of Pardis Sabeti at the Broad. Nature Communications. Online January 25, 2024.
The mice who received the treatment had double the life expectancy as their counterparts, with a 30% higher survival rate. Peer stated that his team plans to develop a treatment for all cancers and that their technique could be ready for humans within the next two years. ” Source link.
STING is primarily on the lookout for DNA, which can indicate either a foreign invader such as a virus or damage to the host tissue or cell. Now, a team of MIT, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and Harvard MedicalSchool (HMS) researchers has discovered how STING activates those two pathways.
In the new microbes’ DNA, the researchers found hundreds of novel genes that may offer clues to how enterococci are able to resist antibiotic treatment and thrive in the hospital environment. Our findings may improve understanding of how resistance genes spread to hospital bacteria and threaten human health.”
In this IO arena, we continue to search for additional treatments that can further benefit patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, a well-established class of IO treatments, are designed to improve the ability of T-cells to fight cancer by removing inhibitory or suppressive mechanisms that may dampen the anti-cancer functions of T cells.
Today, she is a senior associate computational biologist in the Getz lab, where she applies computational techniques to DNA and RNA sequencing data to analyze rapid autopsy samples, taken from multiple sites throughout the body at the time of a cancer patient’s death. I love that in all forms of science, you solve problems.
At the Broad, Martin is also helping lead data analysis in two large international studies that are sequencing the DNA of people from Africa and Latin America to learn about the genetics of severe mental illness. And Martin is helping train scientists abroad to run these kinds of analyses in their home countries.
To build the CLL map, the team analyzed variations in genetic sequences, gene expression patterns, and chemical modifications to DNA — or genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic data — from 1,148 patients.
The first of the new therapies, developed at Harvard MedicalSchool by a team led by Dr. David Williams, uses a virus to introduce RNA into the extracted bone marrow that turns off BCL11A. The CRISPR gene editing method won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and uses chemicals to open up and directly edit DNA sequences, Hsu said.
From hosting a conference to scientific projects and collaborations to the dedicated efforts of our team, this review encapsulates the relentless pursuit to accelerate treatments and a cure for all KAND warriors. The Chung Lab spearheads a robust KAND program to better understand the disorder and discover treatments.
The results add to our understanding of the development of BPDCN, which is critical to devising new and better treatments for the disease," he continues. To better understand this process, researchers did a deep dive into the genetics of patients' bone marrow, blood, and skin leukemia cells – sequencing the DNA and RNA in individual cells. "We
Such coatings have been in development for years, but mostly to complement blood thinning treatments during ECMO, rather than replace them. ” In particular, Kemp has concerns surrounding the lack of studies involving animals of comparable birth weight to the infants that would be the most likely candidates for this type of treatment.
Scientists at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Harvard MedicalSchool, and McLean Hospital have discovered a surprising mechanism by which the inherited genetic mutation known to cause Huntingtons disease leads to the death of brain cells. The cumulative death of many such cells leads to the symptoms of Huntingtons disease.
Their results underscore the importance of early detection and treatment, such as with vorasidenib , which targets IDH and was recently approved by the FDA for low-grade gliomas. In IDH-driven gliomas, the mutated IDH enzyme fosters the addition of methyl groups to the cells’ DNA.
In one effort , researchers analyzed results from dozens of large genetic studies and uncovered more than 350 common DNA variants associated with AF risk, doubling the number of common genetic risk factors for the condition. These studies open up new potential targets for therapeutic development. million people without the condition.
These stories and diagnoses, made possible by clinical genomics labs around the world analyzing DNA from patients and sharing their findings with each other to improve medical care, werent always so common. She is also the chief genomics officer at Mass General and a professor of pathology at Harvard MedicalSchool.
Among them, 2 KAND patients are currently receiving treatment with KIF1A ASO-001, and 5 more KAND patients have been accepted to receive the same ASO. By enrolling in this online research study, you are not just a participant; you are a crucial partner in the fight to understand and ultimately find treatments for KAND.
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