Codon

APRIL 23, 2023

Most people would take the two CRISPR gene-editing components (a Cas9 protein and guide RNA), package them up inside of a virus, and then inject the viruses into the skulls of mice. Unfortunately, they can also trigger immune responses, and they are not super efficient at gene-editing some parts of the brain. Ars Technica.

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Vaccine DNA Virus Engineering 52

Codon

APRIL 23, 2023

Most people would take the two CRISPR gene-editing components (a Cas9 protein and guide RNA), package them up inside of a virus, and then inject the viruses into the skulls of mice. Unfortunately, they can also trigger immune responses, and they are not super efficient at gene-editing some parts of the brain. Ars Technica.

Vaccine 52

Vaccine DNA Virus Engineering 52

Codon

DECEMBER 12, 2024

Some scientists even think it had a virus defense system; “researchers say LUCA likely housed 19 CRISPR genes, which bacteria use to slice up viral threats,” reports Quanta Magazine. DNA and RNA molecules are also built from exclusively right-handed nucleic acids.

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DNA RNA Vaccine Virus 104

Codon

APRIL 16, 2023

Skin microbes can trigger strong immune responses. These microbes were engineered to express tumor antigens that could “elicit T cells that were licensed by the commensal immune program but specific for a tumor,” including both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, according to the study. ” Joshua Sokol for Quanta Magazine.

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PLOS: DNA Science

FEBRUARY 20, 2025

All 38 editions of the life science textbooks I’ve written have chapters on immunology that clearly define vaccine: “an inactive, disabled, or part of a pathogen that stimulates an immune response. And then immune system cellular sentries detect the spikes and begin the response cascade. Got that, Mr. Kennedy?

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Vaccine Science RNA Disease 94

Codon

MARCH 26, 2023

Link Experimental Tests of the Virtual Circular Genome Model for Nonenzymatic RNA Replication. Link U1 snRNP increases RNA Pol II elongation rate to enable synthesis of long genes. Link Gene Editing, CRISPR & Genetic Control *Targeted DNA integration in human cells without double-strand breaks using CRISPR RNA-guided transposases.

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DNA Engineering RNA Science 52