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161,979 new RNA viruses have been discovered using a machine learning tool that researchers believe will vastly improve the mapping of life on Earth and could aid in the identification of many millions more viruses yet to be characterized.
A new study shows the isolation and sequencing of more than a century-old RNA molecules from a Tasmanian tiger specimen preserved at room temperature in a museum collection. This resulted in the reconstruction of skin and skeletal muscle transcriptomes from an extinct species for the first time.
An ancient RNA-guided system could simplify delivery of gene editing therapies By Corie Lok February 27, 2025 Breadcrumb Home An ancient RNA-guided system could simplify delivery of gene editing therapies The programmable proteins are compact, modular, and can be directed to modify DNA in human cells.
The approval of both reformulated messenger RNA vaccines, which are designed to target the KP.2 2 virus strain, comes just ahead of the fall and winter seasons.
This up-to-date commentary/perspective article sheds light on the revolutionary approaches designed to target the principal viral weapon “RNA” used by RNA viruses (e.g., the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 “SARS-CoV-2”) to infect humans and spread infections, the genomic RNA strands.
A new approach to tackling viruses by targeting the ‘control centre’ in viral RNA could lead to broad spectrum anti-viral drugs and provide a first line of defence against future pandemics, according to new research at the University of Birmingham.
3c10581 Helicases, classified into six superfamilies, are mechanoenzymes that utilize energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to remodel DNA and RNA substrates. Kapoor Journal of the American Chemical Society 2024 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10581 Therefore, helicases are important targets for chemical probes and therapeutics.
William Studier for development of widely used protein- and RNA-production platform By Corie Lok May 14, 2024 Breadcrumb Home Merkin Prize in Biomedical Technology awarded to F. Merkin Prize in Biomedical Technology for his development of an efficient, scalable method of producing RNA and proteins in the laboratory.
Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance By Allessandra DiCorato June 18, 2024 Breadcrumb Home Simple test for flu could improve diagnosis and surveillance A low-cost CRISPR-based paper strip test distinguishes between influenza types and can be reprogrammed to recognize different viruses including the H5N1 bird flu virus.
Williams January 8, 2024 Credit: Susanna Hamilton, Broad Communications Researchers have developed virus-like particles that can deliver gene-editing cargo to cells, including those in the mouse brain. By Sarah C.P. They also delivered prime editors to the mouse brain, and did not detect any off-target editing.
When COVID-19 emerged in 2019, by contrast, mRNA vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna took just 326 days from the initial sequencing of the virus to gaining approval for emergency use. These drugs would be ideal tools to bridge the wait for a vaccine against a quickly-spreading virus.
Now, his focus is on Gylden Pharma’s nanoparticle-based vaccine platform – a cutting-edge solution that bypasses the limitations of traditional RNA and live attenuated virus vaccines. T cells in the bloodstream are of no use – you need them in the tissues, waiting for the virus to arrive.
Ras- G TPase-activating protein (SH 3 domain)- b inding p roteins (G3BP) are RNA binding proteins that plays a critical role in stress granule (SG) formation. Recent evidence suggests that G3BPs can also regulate mRNA expression through interactions with RNA outside of SGs.
A Novel Virus Appears In retrospect, everything unfolded with astonishing speed. Did it there either recombine with another virus on its own, or inspire a manipulation of another virus of a key part of the spike gene, seeding the pandemic through a “lab leak?” Work on vaccines ensued too.
cells induced by poly (I:C) were treated with or without PA, and then RNA-sequencing, GO and KEGG analysis were carried out to obtain the five differentially expressed genes (IL-1β, HMOX1, PTGS2, Abca1, and P65), which were verified by QRT-PCR and western blot. RNA-sequencing was applied to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
WHO proclaimed the outbreak of the Ebola virus disease (EVD), in 2014 that killed hundreds of people in West Africa. The development of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 becomes more difficult due to the viral mutation in its non-structural proteins (NSPs) especially NSP2 and NSP3, S protein, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).
Reverse transcriptase proteins that copy RNA templates into strands of DNA are found naturally in all plant and animal cells and in many viruses. In the past, Broad researchers have optimized the pegRNA and the way the cell responds to prime editing to boost editing efficiency.
To treat Ebola virus infections, researchers are taking a close look at a key piece of the virus: polymerase. Polymerase is a viral protein that directs how Ebola virus replicates its genome as it infects new hosts. Drugs that target polymerase could potentially treat Ebola virus infections and save lives.
Using a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA), scientists can target a specific DNA sequence and employ Cas9 to cut it. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) was first discovered in the genome of marine bacteria. This allowed bacteria to recognise subsequent attacks and cleave the viral DNA to stop the viral infection.
Basic Science A trailing ribosome speeds up RNA polymerase at the expense of transcript fidelity via force and allostery. Ribozyme-mediated RNA synthesis and replication in a model Hadean microenvironment. Assembly of metabolons in yeast using Cas6-mediated RNA scaffolding. elegans neurons for single-cell RNA sequencing.
Messenger RNAs with multiple “tails” could lead to more effective therapeutics By Corie Lok March 22, 2024 Breadcrumb Home Messenger RNAs with multiple “tails” could lead to more effective therapeutics Scientists have engineered long lasting mRNAs that increased therapeutic protein production in cells and animals.
Using single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze gene expression in individual cells, the researchers have found how 86 major cytokines affect 17 immune cell types in mice. Tags: Cell Circuits Program Immunology RNA sequencing The reference, called the Immune Dictionary , appears today in Nature. Online December 6, 2023.
By Allessandra DiCorato May 16, 2024 Credit: Deverman lab Brain vasculature (in blue) surrounded by RNA (in orange) transcribed from the gene delivered to the brain in humanized mice using an engineered AAV targeting the human transferrin receptor.
The antiviral agent incorporates RNA-like building blocks into the RNA genome of the virus. If this genetic material is further replicated, defective RNA copies are produced and the pathogen can no longer spread. ” Mutations in the genome stop the virus.
Some scientists even think it had a virus defense system; “researchers say LUCA likely housed 19 CRISPR genes, which bacteria use to slice up viral threats,” reports Quanta Magazine. DNA and RNA molecules are also built from exclusively right-handed nucleic acids.
The team analyzed the full transcriptome of cells from nearly 100 regions across the mouse brain using high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing, the preferred approach for efforts to create a human brain atlas. In their study, the researchers focused on a variant of an engineered recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) known as PHP.eB.
Infectious agent includes bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites, and they are capable of causing disease in a living organism. I had earlier proposed the use of Palmatine and Silver Nitrate in the efficacy against the RNA structure of the COVID-19 virus. We discovered it is highly effective and environmentally friendly.
The virus SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan, home of a premiere research institute that focuses on viruses. An altered virus could have escaped. Evidence that the virus emerged, or escaped, from the wildlife trade is lacking. Her points: 1. Coincidence? I’ve never thought so. RaTG13 shares about 96.1%
The complex relationship between a virus and its host is one of the hottest topics in science right now, and has been given considerable attention in recent weeks as a result of the race to understand the virus that causes COVID-19 and its potential vulnerabilities.
The companies today reported findings on one secondary objective from the Phase 2a study, showing a reduction in time (days) to negativity of infectious virus isolation in nasopharyngeal swabs from participants with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, as determined by isolation in Vero cell line culture. About Molnupiravir.
The VIR Seek SARS-CoV-2 Solution is a comprehensive workflow for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 on environmental surfaces that includes swabbing of environmental surfaces, RNA extraction, analysis by Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and evaluation by an advanced algorithm.
President Joe Biden has promised to re-energize the nation’s response to COVID-19, but one of his top pandemic advisors says that effort could be hamstrung by both the virus and the failings of the previous administration. People also haven’t been provided clear messaging on the messenger RNA vaccines, Osterholm added.
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for a novel, oral antiviral to treat this highly infectious and often deadly virus,” said Jean-Pierre Sommadossi, Ph.D., “Roche shares our passion for delivering innovative new medicines to address great unmet medical needs. Chief Executive Officer and Founder of Atea Pharmaceuticals.
The owners of the felines all reported feeding their pets raw meat, and samples of the meat revealed not only flu virus genetic material, but also infectious virus. The fear is that a variant of the deadly virus might emerge that infects people, and, worst-case-scenario, passes from person to person. emerged in late 2021.
When doctors sequenced the DNA and RNA found in Alice’s blood and synovial fluid—the liquid that surrounds and lubricates joints—they found abnormally low levels of genes encoding iron-storing proteins and high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor RNA.
He has also emerged in recent years as a skilled and relatable science communicator, renowned for his efforts at Broad and beyond during the COVID-19 pandemic to unpack the fast-moving research on the new virus in an accessible way and give practical advice about masking, vaccines, and other public health measures.
Researchers from the Laboratory of Bacteriology at The Rockefeller University have now found that bacteria sense phages by a defensive response named CBASS (cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage signalling system) which detects viral RNA. The novel, hairpin-shaped molecule was named cabRNA for CBASS-activating bacteriophage RNA.
For example, innate immune peptides being imitated by SARS-CoV-2 fragments have a special ability to organise double stranded RNA into structures that strongly amplify activation of the human innate immune system in autoimmune diseases. Maybe the next pandemic respiratory virus will be an influenza virus rather than a coronavirus.
Targeted drug treatment leads tumor cells to imitate viral infection By Ari Navetta July 11, 2024 Breadcrumb Home Targeted drug treatment leads tumor cells to imitate viral infection Exploiting "viral mimicry," mIDH1 inhibitors trick tumors into thinking they are infected with a virus.
They used an engineered adeno-associated virus (AAV) that crosses the blood-brain barrier after intravenous administration. CRISPRoff silences the targeted gene by adding methyl groups, chemical tags that prevent the gene from being transcribed or read into RNA and so from being expressed as protein.
The authors recommended viral load thresholds of 1,000 IU for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA undetectable for HCV, and suppressed viral RNA for HIV for determining any restrictions on HCP practice. Evidence-based guidelines were reviewed to provide recommendations for health care practice.
Introduction Messenger RNA (mRNA) technology has emerged as one of the most significant medical breakthroughs. This approach can be personalized for each patient by sequencing the tumor's DNA and RNA to identify unique mutations.
The methods developed by Mammoth Biosciences uses Cas12a to “detect the viral RNA sequences of the envelope (E) and nucleocapsid protein (N) genes, followed by isothermal amplification of the target, causing a visual reading with a fluorophore.” Sherlock Biosciences uses Cas13 to cut reporter RNA sequences after activation by guide RNA.
In October last year, remdesivir was the first drug approved by the FDA for treating the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Remdesivir was originally developed to treat hepatitis C and was subsequently investigated for Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus infections before being studied as a post-infection treatment for COVID-19.
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